Wannan cikakken jagorar yana kwatanta 25 mafi yawan kayan aikin da ake amfani da su a cikin injinan CNC kuma yana taimaka muku zaɓin wanda ya dace don aikace-aikacen ku.
CNC machining iya samar da sassa daga kusan kowane karfe ko filastik.Wannan shine lamarin, akwai babban kewayon kayan da ake samu don sassan da aka samar ta hanyar niƙa da juyawa na CNC.Zaɓin wanda ya dace don aikace-aikacenku na iya zama ƙalubale sosai, kuma fahimtar fa'idodi da mafi kyawun amfani da kowane kayan da ake samu na iya zama mahimmanci.
A cikin wannan labarin, muna kwatanta mafi yawan kayan CNC na yau da kullum, dangane da kayan inji da kayan zafi, farashi da aikace-aikace na al'ada (kuma mafi kyau duka).
Ta yaya za ku zaɓi kayan CNC daidai?
Lokacin da kake zayyana wani ɓangaren da za a yi amfani da CNC, zabar kayan da ya dace yana da mahimmanci.Anan ga mahimman matakan da muke ba da shawarar bi don zaɓar kayan da suka dace don sassa na al'ada.
Ƙayyade buƙatun kayan: Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da injiniyoyi, thermal ko wasu buƙatun kayan, kazalika da farashi da ƙarewar saman.Yi la'akari da yadda za ku yi amfani da sassanku da kuma irin yanayin da za su kasance a ciki.
Gano kayan ɗan takara: Sanya ƴan kayan takara waɗanda suka cika duka (ko mafi yawan) buƙatun ƙirar ku.
Zaɓi abin da ya fi dacewa: Ana buƙatar sasantawa yawanci a nan tsakanin biyu ko fiye na buƙatun ƙira (misali, aikin injiniya da farashi).
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu mai da hankali kan mataki na biyu.Yin amfani da bayanin da aka gabatar a ƙasa, zaku iya gano kayan da suka fi dacewa da aikace-aikacenku, yayin da kuke ajiye aikinku akan kasafin kuɗi.
Menene jagororin Hubs don zaɓar kayan don CNC?
A cikin allunan da ke ƙasa, mun taƙaita halayen da suka dace na mafi yawan kayan CNC na yau da kullun, waɗanda aka tattara ta hanyar yin la'akari da takaddun bayanan da masana'antun ke samarwa.Mun raba karafa da robobi zuwa kashi biyu daban-daban.
Ana amfani da ƙarfe da yawa a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, tauri da juriya na thermal.Filastik kayan aiki ne masu nauyi tare da nau'ikan kaddarorin jiki masu yawa, galibi ana amfani da su don juriyarsu ta sinadarai da kuma iyawar wutar lantarki.
A cikin kwatankwacinmu na kayan CNC, muna mai da hankali kan ƙarfin injina (wanda aka bayyana azaman ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa), machinability (sauƙin mashin ɗin yana shafar farashin CNC), farashi, taurin (yafi don ƙarfe) da juriya na zafin jiki (yafi don robobi).
Anan akwai bayanan bayanan da zaku iya amfani dashi azaman tunani mai sauri don gano kayan CNC da sauri waɗanda suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun injiniya:
Menene aluminum?Ƙarfin ƙarfi, gami da tattalin arziki
Abubuwan da aka yi da Aluminum 6061
Aluminum alloys suna da kyakkyawan ƙarfi-zuwa nauyi rabo, high thermal da lantarki watsin da na halitta kariya daga lalata.Suna da sauƙi don inji kuma suna da tsada a cikin adadi mai yawa, sau da yawa suna sanya su mafi kyawun zaɓi don samar da samfuri da sauran nau'ikan sassa.
Duk da yake aluminium alloys yawanci suna da ƙananan ƙarfi da taurin fiye da ƙarfe, amma ana iya zama anodized, ƙirƙirar ƙaƙƙarfan Layer mai kariya a saman su.
Bari mu karya nau'ikan nau'ikan alluran aluminum.
❖ Aluminum 6061 shine mafi na kowa, gama-gari-amfani na aluminum gami, tare da ingantacciyar ƙarfi-zuwa nauyi rabo da ingantacciyar machinability.
❖ Aluminum 6082 yana da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) zuwa 6061. An fi amfani dashi a Turai (kamar yadda ya dace da British Standards).
❖ Aluminum 7075 shine gami da aka fi amfani dashi a aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya inda rage nauyi yana da mahimmanci.Yana da kyawawan kaddarorin gajiya kuma ana iya magance zafi da ƙarfi da ƙarfi, yana mai da shi kwatankwacin ƙarfe.
Aluminum 5083 yana da mafi girma ƙarfi fiye da sauran aluminum gami da na kwarai juriya ga ruwan teku.Wannan ya sa ya zama mafi kyau ga gine-gine da aikace-aikacen ruwa.Hakanan yana da kyakkyawan zaɓi don walda.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan al'ada na aluminum gami: 2.65-2.80 g/cm3
❖ Za a iya anodized
❖ Mara maganadisu
Menene bakin karfe?Ƙarfafa, gami da dorewa
Wani sashi da aka yi daga Bakin Karfe 304
Bakin karfe gami da babban ƙarfi, babban ductility, m lalacewa da lalata juriya kuma za a iya sauƙi welded, machined da goge.Dangane da abun da ke ciki, za su iya zama ko dai (ainihin) maras maganadisu ko maganadisu.
Bari mu karya nau'ikan bakin karfe da muke bayarwa akan dandamali.
❖ Bakin Karfe 304 shine mafi yawan bakin karfe gami.Yana da kyawawan kaddarorin injina da machinability mai kyau.Yana da juriya ga yawancin yanayin muhalli da kafofin watsa labarai masu lalata.
❖ Bakin Karfe 316 wani nau'in bakin karfe ne na yau da kullun tare da kayan aikin injiniya iri ɗaya zuwa 304. Yana da mafi girman lalata da juriya na sinadarai ko da yake, musamman ga maganin saline (misali ruwan teku), don haka galibi yana da kyau don magance yanayi mai ƙarfi.
❖ Bakin Karfe 2205 Duplex yana da mafi girman ƙarfi (sau biyu na gama gari na bakin karfe) da kyakkyawan juriya ga lalata.Ana amfani da shi a cikin matsanancin yanayi, tare da aikace-aikace da yawa a cikin Oil & Gas.
❖ Bakin Karfe 303 yana da kyakyawan tauri, amma ƙananan juriya na lalata idan aka kwatanta da 304. Saboda kyakkyawan mashin ɗinsa, galibi ana amfani dashi a aikace-aikacen girma mai girma, kamar samar da goro da kusoshi don sararin samaniya.
❖ Bakin Karfe 17-4 (SAE 630) yana da kaddarorin inji kwatankwacin 304. Yana iya zama hazo mai taurare zuwa wani babban mataki (kwatankwacin kayan aikin karfe) kuma yana da tsayayyar sinadarai masu kyau, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen da yawa, kamar masana'anta ruwan wukake don injin turbin iska.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 7.7-8.0 g/cm3
❖ Bakin Karfe Bakin Karfe na Magnetic: 304, 316, 303
❖ Magnetic bakin karfe gami: 2205 Duplex, 17-4
Menene karfe mai laushi?Babban manufar gami
Wani sashi da aka yi daga Mild Steel 1018
Karafa masu laushiana kuma san su da ƙananan ƙarfe na carbon kuma suna da kyawawan kaddarorin inji, babban injina da ingantaccen walda.Saboda suna da ƙarancin farashi, masana'antun suna amfani da su don aikace-aikacen maƙasudi da yawa, kamar jigs da kayan aiki.Ƙananan karafa suna da sauƙin lalacewa da lalacewar sinadarai.
Bari mu karya nau'ikan karafa masu laushi da ake samu akan dandamali.
❖ M karfe 1018 ne a general-amfani gami da kyau machinability da weldability da kyau kwarai tauri, ƙarfi da taurin.Shi ne mafi ƙarancin ƙarfe da aka fi amfani da shi.
❖ M karfe 1045 ne matsakaici carbon karfe da kyau weldability, mai kyau machinability da high ƙarfi da tasiri juriya.
❖ M karfe A36 ne na kowa tsarin karfe da kyau weldability.Ya dace da nau'ikan masana'antu da aikace-aikacen gini.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 7.8-7.9 g/cm3
❖ Magnetic
Menene gami karfe?Mafi tauri, gami da juriya
Bangaren da aka yi daga karfen gami
Gilashin ƙarfe yana ƙunshe da sauran abubuwan haɗakarwa ban da carbon, wanda ke haifar da ingantaccen taurin, tauri, gajiya da juriya.Hakazalika da ƙananan karafa, karafa na gami suna da saurin lalacewa da hare-hare daga sinadarai
❖ Alloy karfe 4140 yana da kyau overall inji Properties, tare da mai kyau ƙarfi da taurin.Wannan gami ya dace da aikace-aikacen masana'antu da yawa amma ba a ba da shawarar yin walda ba.
❖ Alloy karfe 4340 za a iya bi da zafi zuwa babban matakan ƙarfi da taurin, yayin da kiyaye da kyau taurin, sa juriya da gajiya ƙarfi.Wannan gami yana da walƙiya.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 7.8-7.9 g/cm3
❖ Magnetic
Menene karfen kayan aiki?The exceptionally m da kuma juriya gami
Wani sashi da aka yi daga karfen kayan aiki
Karfe na kayan aikiAlloys karfe ne tare da tauri na musamman, taurin kai, abrasion da juriya na thermal, muddin sun sha wahala.zafi magani.Ana amfani da su don ƙirƙirar kayan aikin masana'antu (saboda haka sunan) kamar su mutu, tambari da ƙira.
Bari mu rushe karafan kayan aiki da muke bayarwa a Hubs.
❖ Tool karfe D2 alloy ne mai jure lalacewa wanda ke riƙe taurinsa zuwa zafin jiki na 425°C.An fi amfani da shi don kera kayan aikin yankan kuma ya mutu.
❖ Tool karfe A2 ne iska-taurare janar-manufa kayan aiki karfe tare da mai kyau tauri da kuma m girma da kwanciyar hankali a high yanayin zafi.An fi amfani da shi don kera allura gyare-gyaren mutu.
❖ Tool karfe O1 ne mai kauri-taurin gami gami da babban taurin 65 HRC.An fi amfani da shi don wuƙaƙe da kayan aikin yankan.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 7.8 g/cm3
❖ Yawan taurin: 45-65 HRC
Menene tagulla?The conductive & Cosmetic gami
Brass C36000
Brasswani ƙarfe ne na ƙarfe tare da kayan aiki mai kyau da kuma ingantaccen ƙarfin lantarki, yana sa ya dace don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙananan juzu'i.Sau da yawa za ku sami sassa na tagulla na kwaskwarima da ake amfani da su don gine-gine (bayanin gwal).
Anan ga tagulla da muke bayarwa a Hubs.
Brass C36000 abu ne mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da juriya na lalata na halitta.Yana daya daga cikin kayan aikin injina cikin sauƙi, don haka galibi ana amfani da shi don aikace-aikace masu girma.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 8.4-8.7 g/cm3
❖ Mara maganadisu
Menene ABS?The prototyping thermoplastic
Bangaren da aka yi daga ABS
ABSyana daya daga cikin kayan aikin thermoplastic na yau da kullum yana ba da kayan aikin injiniya mai kyau, ƙarfin tasiri mai kyau, ƙarfin zafi mai zafi da kuma kayan aiki mai kyau.
ABS yana da ƙarancin ƙima, yana sa ya dace don aikace-aikacen nauyi.Ana amfani da sassan ABS da aka yi amfani da su na CNC a matsayin samfuri kafin yawan jama'a tare da gyare-gyaren allura.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 1.00-1.05 g/cm3
Menene nailan?Injiniyan thermoplastic
Wani bangare da aka yi daga nailan
Nailan(aka polyamide (PA)) wani thermoplastic ne wanda ake amfani dashi sau da yawa don aikace-aikacen injiniya, saboda kyawawan kayan aikin injiniya, ƙarfin tasiri mai kyau da babban sinadari da juriya.Yana da saukin kamuwa da sha ruwa da danshi.
Nailan 6 da nailan 66 sune maki waɗanda aka fi amfani da su a injinan CNC.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 1.14 g/cm3
Menene polycarbonate?Thermoplastic tare da ƙarfin tasiri
Wani sashi da aka ƙera daga polycarbonate
Polycarbonate wani thermoplastic ne tare da babban tauri, mai kyau machinability da kyakkyawan tasiri mai ƙarfi (mafi kyau fiye da ABS).Yawanci a bayyane yake, amma ana iya rina shi zuwa launuka iri-iri.Waɗannan abubuwan sun sa ya dace don aikace-aikace da yawa, gami da na'urorin ruwa ko kyalli na mota.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 1.20-1.22 g/cm3
Menene POM (Delrin)?Filastik CNC mafi inji
Wani bangare da aka yi daga POM (Delrin)
POM yawanci ana san shi da sunan kasuwanci Delrin, kuma injin thermoplastic ne na injiniya tare da mafi girman injina tsakanin robobi.
POM (Delrin) sau da yawa shine mafi kyawun zaɓi lokacin da CNC ke yin ɓangarorin filastik waɗanda ke buƙatar madaidaicin madaidaici, tsayin daka, ƙarancin juzu'i, kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali mai girma a yanayin zafi da ƙarancin sha ruwa.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 1.40-1.42 g/cm3
Menene PTFE (Teflon)?Matsakaicin zafin jiki na thermoplastic
Bangaren da aka yi daga PTFE
PTFE, wanda aka fi sani da Teflon, injin thermoplastic ne na injiniya tare da ingantacciyar sinadari da juriya na thermal da mafi ƙarancin ƙima na gogayya na kowane sanannen ƙarfi.Yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan robobi waɗanda zasu iya jure yanayin aiki sama da digiri 200 kuma ƙwararriyar insulator ce.Hakanan yana da tsarkakakken kayan inji kuma galibi ana amfani dashi azaman rufi ko sakawa a cikin taro.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 2.2 g/cm3
Menene HDPE?The waje & bututu thermoplastic
Wani sashi da aka yi daga HDPE
Polyethylene mai girma (HDPE)shi ne thermoplastic tare da babban ƙarfin-da-nauyi, ƙarfin tasiri mai ƙarfi da kyakkyawan juriya na yanayi.HDPE yana da nauyi kuma ya dace da amfani da waje da bututu.Kamar ABS, ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don ƙirƙirar samfura kafin Gyaran Injection.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 0.93-0.97 g/cm3
Menene PEEK?Filastik don maye gurbin karfe
Wani bangare da aka kera daga PEEK
KYAUTAthermoplastic injiniya ne mai inganci mai inganci tare da kyawawan kaddarorin injina, kwanciyar hankali na zafi akan yanayin zafi mai faɗi da kyakkyawan juriya ga yawancin sinadarai.
Ana amfani da PEEK sau da yawa don maye gurbin sassan ƙarfe saboda girman ƙarfinsa zuwa nauyi.Hakanan ana samun maki na likitanci, yana mai da PEEK dacewa kuma don aikace-aikacen likitanci.
Halayen kayan aiki:
❖ Yawan yawa: 1.32 g/cm3
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
❖ Menene fa'idodin CNC machining tare da karafa?
Karfe suna da kyau don aikace-aikacen masana'anta waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarfin ƙarfi, tauri da / ko abin dogaro ga matsanancin yanayin zafi.
Tushen labarin:https://www.hubs.com/knowledge-hub/?topic=CNC+machining
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-10-2023